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Gettext
=======
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Created by Oscar Otero <http://oscarotero.com> <oom@oscarotero.com> (MIT License)
Gettext is a PHP (>=5.4) library to import/export/edit gettext from PO, MO, PHP, JS files, etc.
## Installation
With composer (recomended):
```
composer require gettext/gettext
```
If you don't use composer in your project, you have to download and place this package in a directory of your project. You need to install also [gettext/languages](https://github.com/mlocati/cldr-to-gettext-plural-rules). Then, include the autoloaders of both projects in any place of your php code:
```php
include_once "libs/gettext/src/autoloader.php";
include_once "libs/cldr-to-gettext-plural-rules/src/autoloader.php";
```
## Classes and functions
This package contains the following classes:
* `Gettext\Translation` - A translation definition
* `Gettext\Translations` - A collection of translations
* `Gettext\Extractors\*` - Import translations from various sources (po, mo, php, js, etc)
* `Gettext\Generators\*` - Export translations to various formats (po, mo, php, json, etc)
* `Gettext\Translator` - To use the translations in your php templates instead the [gettext extension](http://php.net/gettext)
* `Gettext\GettextTranslator` - To use the [gettext extension](http://php.net/gettext)
## Usage example
```php
use Gettext\Translations;
//import from a .po file:
$translations = Translations::fromPoFile('locales/gl.po');
//edit some translations:
$translation = $translations->find(null, 'apple');
if ($translation) {
$translation->setTranslation('Mazá');
}
//export to a php array:
$translations->toPhpArrayFile('locales/gl.php');
//and to a .mo file
$translations->toMoFile('Locale/gl/LC_MESSAGES/messages.mo');
```
If you want use this translations in your php templates without using the gettext extension:
```php
use Gettext\Translator;
//Create the translator instance
$t = new Translator();
//Load your translations (exported as PhpArray):
$t->loadTranslations('locales/gl.php');
//Use it:
echo $t->gettext('apple'); // "Mazá"
//If you want use global functions:
$t->register();
echo __('apple'); // "Mazá"
```
To use this translations with the gettext extension:
```php
use Gettext\GettextTranslator;
//Create the translator instance
$t = new GettextTranslator();
//Set the language and load the domain
$t->setLanguage('gl');
$t->loadDomain('messages', 'Locale');
//Use it:
echo $t->gettext('apple'); // "Mazá"
//Or use the gettext functions
echo gettext('apple'); // "Mazá"
//If you want use the global functions
$t->register();
echo __('apple'); // "Mazá"
//And use sprintf/strtr placeholders
echo __('Hello %s', 'world'); //Hello world
echo __('Hello {name}', ['{name}' => 'world']); //Hello world
```
The benefits of using the functions provided by this library (`__()` instead `_()` or `gettext()`) are:
* You are using the same functions, no matter whether the translations are provided by gettext extension or any other method.
* You can use variables easier because `sprintf` functionality is included. For example: `__('Hello %s', 'world')` instead `sprintf(_('Hello %s'), 'world')`.
* You can also use named placeholders if the second argument is an array. For example: `__('Hello %name%', ['%name%' => 'world'])` instead of `strtr(_('Hello %name%'), ['%name%' => 'world'])`.
## Translation
The `Gettext\Translation` class stores all information about a translation: the original text, the translated text, source references, comments, etc.
```php
// __construct($context, $original, $plural)
$translation = new Gettext\Translation('comments', 'One comment', '%s comments');
$translation->setTranslation('Un comentario');
$translation->setPluralTranslation('%s comentarios');
$translation->addReference('templates/comments/comment.php', 34);
$translation->addComment('To display the amount of comments in a post');
echo $translation->getContext(); // comments
echo $translation->getOriginal(); // One comment
echo $translation->getTranslation(); // Un comentario
// etc...
```
## Translations
The `Gettext\Translations` class stores a collection of translations:
```php
$translations = new Gettext\Translations();
//You can add new translations using the array syntax
$translations[] = new Gettext\Translation('comments', 'One comment', '%s comments');
//Or using the "insert" method
$insertedTranslation = $translations->insert('comments', 'One comment', '%s comments');
//Find a specific translation
$translation = $translations->find('comments', 'One comment');
//Edit headers, domain, etc
$translations->setHeader('Last-Translator', 'Oscar Otero');
$translations->setDomain('my-blog');
```
## Extractors
The extrators allows to fetch gettext values from any source. For example, to scan a .po file:
```php
$translations = new Gettext\Translations();
//From a file
Gettext\Extractors\Po::fromFile('locales/en.po', $translations);
//From a string
$string = file_get_contents('locales2/en.po');
Gettext\Extractors\Po::fromString($string, $translations);
```
The better way to use extractors is using the magic methods of `Gettext\Translations`:
```php
//Create a Translations instance using a po file
$translations = Gettext\Translations::fromPoFile('locales/en.po');
//Add more messages from other files
$translations->addFromPoFile('locales2/en.po');
```
The available extractors are the following:
Name | Description | Example
---- | ----------- | --------
**Blade** | Scans a Blade template (For laravel users). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/blade/input.php)
**Csv** | Gets the messages from csv. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Csv.csv)
**CsvDictionary** | Gets the messages from csv (without plurals and context). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/CsvDictionary.csv)
**Jed** | Gets the messages from a json compatible with [Jed](http://slexaxton.github.com/Jed/). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Jed.json)
**JsCode** | Scans javascript code looking for all gettext functions (the same than PhpCode but for javascript). You can use [the javascript gettext-translator library](https://github.com/oscarotero/gettext-translator) | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/jscode/input.js)
**Json** | Gets the messages from json compatible with [gettext-translator](https://github.com/oscarotero/gettext-translator). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Json.json)
**JsonDictionary** | Gets the messages from a json (without plurals and context). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/JsonDictionary.json)
**Mo** | Gets the messages from MO. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Mo.mo)
**PhpArray** | Gets the messages from a php file that returns an array. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/PhpArray.php)
**PhpCode** | Scans php code looking for all gettext functions (see `translator_functions.php`). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/phpcode/input.php)
**Po** | Gets the messages from PO. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Po.po)
**Twig** | To scan a Twig template. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/twig/input.php)
**Xliff** | Gets the messages from [xliff (2.0)](http://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/v2.0/os/xliff-core-v2.0-os.html). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Xliff.xlf)
**Yaml** | Gets the messages from yaml. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Yaml.yml)
**YamlDictionary** | Gets the messages from a yaml (without plurals and context). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/YamlDictionary.yml)
**VueJs** | Gets the messages from a VueJs template. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/vuejs/input.vue)
## Generators
The generators export a `Gettext\Translations` instance to any format (po, mo, array, etc).
```php
//Save to a file
Gettext\Generators\Po::toFile($translations, 'locales/en.po');
//Return as a string
$content = Gettext\Generators\Po::toString($translations);
file_put_contents('locales/en.po', $content);
```
Like extractors, the better way to use generators is using the magic methods of `Gettext\Translations`:
```php
//Extract messages from a php code file
$translations = Gettext\Translations::fromPhpCodeFile('templates/index.php');
//Export to a po file
$translations->toPoFile('locales/en.po');
//Export to a po string
$content = $translations->toPoString();
file_put_contents('locales/en.po', $content);
```
The available generators are the following:
Name | Description | Example
---- | ----------- | --------
**Csv** | Exports to csv. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Csv.csv)
**CsvDictionary** | Exports to csv (without plurals and context). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/CsvDictionary.csv)
**Json** | Exports to json, compatible with [gettext-translator](https://github.com/oscarotero/gettext-translator). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Json.json)
**JsonDictionary** | Exports to json (without plurals and context). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/JsonDictionary.json)
**Mo** | Exports to Mo. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Mo.mo)
**PhpArray** | Exports to php code that returns an array. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/PhpArray.php)
**Po** | Exports to Po. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Po.po)
**Jed** | Exports to json format compatible with [Jed](http://slexaxton.github.com/Jed/). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Jed.json)
**Xliff** | Exports to [xliff (2.0)](http://docs.oasis-open.org/xliff/xliff-core/v2.0/os/xliff-core-v2.0-os.html). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Xliff.xlf)
**Yaml** | Exports to yaml. | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/Yaml.yml)
**YamlDictionary** | Exports to yaml (without plurals and context). | [example](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/blob/master/tests/assets/po/YamlDictionary.yml)
## Translator
The class `Gettext\Translator` implements the gettext functions in php. Useful if you don't have the native gettext extension for php or want to avoid problems with it. You can load the translations from a php array file or using a `Gettext\Translations` instance:
```php
use Gettext\Translator;
//Create a new instance of the translator
$t = new Translator();
//Load the translations using any of the following ways:
// 1. from php files (generated by Gettext\Extractors\PhpArray)
$t->loadTranslations('locales/gl.php');
// 2. using the array directly
$array = include 'locales/gl.php';
$t->loadTranslations($array);
// 3. using a Gettext\Translations instance (slower)
$translations = Gettext\Translations::fromPoFile('locales/gl.po');
$t->loadTranslations($translations);
//Now you can use it in your templates
echo $t->gettext('apple');
```
## GettextTranslator
The class `Gettext\GettextTranslator` uses the gettext extension. It's useful because combines the performance of using real gettext functions but with the same API than `Translator` class, so you can switch to one or other translator deppending of the environment without change code of your app.
```php
use Gettext\GettextTranslator;
//Create a new instance
$t = new GettextTranslator();
//It detects the environment variables to set the locale, but you can change it:
$t->setLanguage('gl');
//Load the domains:
$t->loadDomain('messages', 'project/Locale');
//this means you have the file "project/Locale/gl/LC_MESSAGES/messages.po"
//Now you can use it in your templates
echo $t->gettext('apple');
```
## Global functions
To ease the use of translations in your php templates, you can use the provided functions:
```php
//Register the translator to use the global functions
$t->register();
echo __('apple'); // it's the same than $t->gettext('apple');
```
You can scan the php files containing these functions and extract the values with the PhpCode extractor:
```html
<!-- index.php -->
<html>
<body>
<?= __('Hello world'); ?>
</body>
</html>
```
## Merge translations
To work with different translations you may want merge them in an unique file. There are two ways to do this:
The simplest way is adding new translations:
```php
use Gettext\Translations;
$translations = Translations::fromPoFile('my-file1.po');
$translations->addFromPoFile('my-file2.po');
```
A more advanced way is merge two `Translations` instances:
```php
use Gettext\Translations;
//Create a new Translations instances with our translations.
$translations1 = Translations::fromPoFile('my-file1.po');
$translations2 = Translations::fromPoFile('my-file2.po');
//Merge one inside other:
$translations1->mergeWith($translations2);
//Now translations1 has all values
```
The second argument of `mergeWith` defines how the merge will be done. Use the `Gettext\Merge` constants to configure the merging:
Constant | Description
--------- | -----------
`Merge::ADD` | Adds the translations from `$translations2` that are missing
`Merge::REMOVE` | Removes the translations missing in `$translations2`
`Merge::HEADERS_ADD` | Adds the headers from `$translations2` that are missing
`Merge::HEADERS_REMOVE` | Removes the headers missing in `$translations2`
`Merge::HEADERS_OVERRIDE` | Overrides the headers with the values of `$translations2`
`Merge::LANGUAGE_OVERRIDE` | Set the language defined in `$translations2`
`Merge::DOMAIN_OVERRIDE` | Set the domain defined in `$translations2`
`Merge::TRANSLATION_OVERRIDE` | Override the translation and plural translations with the value of `$translation2`
`Merge::COMMENTS_OURS` | Use only the comments of `$translation1`
`Merge::COMMENTS_THEIRS` | Use only the comments of `$translation2`
`Merge::EXTRACTED_COMMENTS_OURS` | Use only the extracted comments of `$translation1`
`Merge::EXTRACTED_COMMENTS_THEIRS` | Use only the extracted comments of `$translation2`
`Merge::FLAGS_OURS` | Use only the flags of `$translation1`
`Merge::FLAGS_THEIRS` | Use only the flags of `$translation2`
`Merge::REFERENCES_OURS` | Use only the references of `$translation1`
`Merge::REFERENCES_THEIRS` | Use only the references of `$translation2`
Example:
```php
use Gettext\Translations;
use Gettext\Merge;
//Scan the php code to find the latest gettext translations
$phpTranslations = Translations::fromPhpCodeFile('my-templates.php');
//Get the translations of the code that are stored in a po file
$poTranslations = Translations::fromPoFile('locale.po');
//Merge the translations from the po file using the references from `$phpTranslations`:
$translations->mergeWith($poTranslations, Merge::REFERENCES_OURS);
//Now save a po file with the result
$translations->toPoFile('locale.po');
```
Note, if the second argument is not defined, the default value is `Merge::DEFAULTS` that's equivalent to `Merge::ADD | Merge::HEADERS_ADD`.
## Use from CLI
There's a Robo task to use this library from the command line interface: https://github.com/oscarotero/GettextRobo
## Use in the browser
If you want to use your translations in the browser, there's a javascript translator: https://github.com/oscarotero/gettext-translator
## Third party packages
Twig integration:
* [jaimeperez/twig-configurable-i18n](https://packagist.org/packages/jaimeperez/twig-configurable-i18n)
* [cemerson/translator-twig-extension](https://packagist.org/packages/cemerson/translator-twig-extension)
Framework integration:
* [Laravel 5](https://packagist.org/packages/eusonlito/laravel-gettext)
* [CakePHP 3](https://packagist.org/packages/k1low/po)
* [Symfony 2](https://packagist.org/packages/mablae/gettext-bundle)
[add your package](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/issues/new)
## Contributors
Thanks to all [contributors](https://github.com/oscarotero/Gettext/graphs/contributors) specially to [@mlocati](https://github.com/mlocati).
## Donations
If this library is useful for you, consider to donate to the author.
[Buy me a beer :beer:](https://www.paypal.me/oscarotero)
Thanks in advance!
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