662 lines
21 KiB
PHP
662 lines
21 KiB
PHP
<?php
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/**
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* WordPress Coding Standard.
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*
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* @package WPCS\WordPressCodingStandards
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* @link https://github.com/WordPress/WordPress-Coding-Standards
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* @license https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT MIT
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*/
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namespace WordPressCS\WordPress\Sniffs\DB;
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use WordPressCS\WordPress\Sniff;
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use PHP_CodeSniffer\Util\Tokens;
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/**
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* Check for incorrect use of the $wpdb->prepare method.
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*
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* Check the following issues:
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* - The only placeholders supported are: %d, %f (%F) and %s and their variations.
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* - Literal % signs need to be properly escaped as `%%`.
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* - Simple placeholders (%d, %f, %F, %s) should be left unquoted in the query string.
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* - Complex placeholders - numbered and formatted variants - will not be quoted
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* automagically by $wpdb->prepare(), so if used for values, should be quoted in
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* the query string.
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* - Either an array of replacements should be passed matching the number of
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* placeholders found or individual parameters for each placeholder should
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* be passed.
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* - Wildcards for LIKE compare values should be passed in via a replacement parameter.
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*
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* The sniff allows for a specific pattern with a variable number of placeholders
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* created using code along the lines of:
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* `sprintf( 'query .... IN (%s) ...', implode( ',', array_fill( 0, count( $something ), '%s' ) ) )`.
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*
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* A "PreparedSQLPlaceholders replacement count" whitelist comment is supported
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* specifically to silence the `ReplacementsWrongNumber` and `UnfinishedPrepare`
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* error codes. The other error codes are not affected by it.
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*
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* @link https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wpdb/prepare/
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* @link https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/41496
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* @link https://core.trac.wordpress.org/changeset/41471
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*
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* @package WPCS\WordPressCodingStandards
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*/
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class PreparedSQLPlaceholdersSniff extends Sniff {
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/**
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* These regexes copied from http://php.net/manual/en/function.sprintf.php#93552
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* and adjusted for limitations in `$wpdb->prepare()`.
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*
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* Near duplicate of the one used in the WP.I18n sniff, but with fewer types allowed.
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*
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* Note: The regex delimiters and modifiers are not included to allow this regex to be
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* concatenated together with other regex partials.
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*
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* @var string
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*/
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const PREPARE_PLACEHOLDER_REGEX = '(?:
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(?<![^%]%) # Don\'t match a literal % (%%), including when it could overlap with a placeholder.
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(?:
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% # Start of placeholder.
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(?:[0-9]+\\\\?\$)? # Optional ordering of the placeholders.
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[+-]? # Optional sign specifier.
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(?:
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(?:0|\'.)? # Optional padding specifier - excluding the space.
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-? # Optional alignment specifier.
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[0-9]* # Optional width specifier.
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(?:\.(?:[ 0]|\'.)?[0-9]+)? # Optional precision specifier with optional padding character.
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| # Only recognize the space as padding in combination with a width specifier.
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(?:[ ])? # Optional space padding specifier.
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-? # Optional alignment specifier.
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[0-9]+ # Width specifier.
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(?:\.(?:[ 0]|\'.)?[0-9]+)? # Optional precision specifier with optional padding character.
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)
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[dfFs] # Type specifier.
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)
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)';
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/**
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* Similar to above, but for the placeholder types *not* supported.
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*
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* Note: all optional parts are forced to be greedy to allow for the negative look ahead
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* at the end to work.
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*
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* @var string
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*/
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const UNSUPPORTED_PLACEHOLDER_REGEX = '`(?:
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(?<!%) # Don\'t match a literal % (%%).
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(
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% # Start of placeholder.
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(?! # Negative look ahead.
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%[^%] # Not a correct literal % (%%).
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%%[dfFs] # Nor a correct literal % (%%), followed by a simple placeholder.
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)
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(?:[0-9]+\\\\??\$)?+ # Optional ordering of the placeholders.
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[+-]?+ # Optional sign specifier.
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(?:
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(?:0|\'.)?+ # Optional padding specifier - excluding the space.
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-?+ # Optional alignment specifier.
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[0-9]*+ # Optional width specifier.
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(?:\.(?:[ 0]|\'.)?[0-9]+)?+ # Optional precision specifier with optional padding character.
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| # Only recognize the space as padding in combination with a width specifier.
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(?:[ ])?+ # Optional space padding specifier.
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-?+ # Optional alignment specifier.
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[0-9]++ # Width specifier.
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(?:\.(?:[ 0]|\'.)?[0-9]+)?+ # Optional precision specifier with optional padding character.
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)
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(?![dfFs]) # Negative look ahead: not one of the supported placeholders.
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(?:[^ \'"]*|$) # but something else instead.
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)
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)`x';
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/**
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* List of $wpdb methods we are interested in.
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*
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* @var array
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*/
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protected $target_methods = array(
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'prepare' => true,
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);
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/**
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* Storage for the stack pointer to the method call token.
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*
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* @var int
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*/
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protected $methodPtr;
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/**
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* Simple regex snippet to recognize and remember quotes.
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*
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* @var string
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*/
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private $regex_quote = '["\']';
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/**
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* Returns an array of tokens this test wants to listen for.
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*
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* @return array
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*/
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public function register() {
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return array(
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\T_VARIABLE,
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\T_STRING,
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);
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}
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/**
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* Processes this test, when one of its tokens is encountered.
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*
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* @since 0.14.0
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*
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* @param int $stackPtr The position of the current token in the stack.
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*
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* @return void
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*/
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public function process_token( $stackPtr ) {
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if ( ! $this->is_wpdb_method_call( $stackPtr, $this->target_methods ) ) {
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return;
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}
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$parameters = $this->get_function_call_parameters( $this->methodPtr );
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if ( empty( $parameters ) ) {
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return;
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}
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$query = $parameters[1];
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$text_string_tokens_found = false;
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$variable_found = false;
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$sql_wildcard_found = false;
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$total_placeholders = 0;
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$total_parameters = \count( $parameters );
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$valid_in_clauses = array(
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'uses_in' => 0,
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'implode_fill' => 0,
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'adjustment_count' => 0,
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);
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for ( $i = $query['start']; $i <= $query['end']; $i++ ) {
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// Skip over groups of tokens if they are part of an inline function call.
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if ( isset( $skip_from, $skip_to ) && $i >= $skip_from && $i < $skip_to ) {
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$i = $skip_to;
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continue;
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}
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if ( ! isset( Tokens::$textStringTokens[ $this->tokens[ $i ]['code'] ] ) ) {
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if ( \T_VARIABLE === $this->tokens[ $i ]['code'] ) {
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if ( '$wpdb' !== $this->tokens[ $i ]['content'] ) {
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$variable_found = true;
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}
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continue;
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}
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// Detect a specific pattern for variable replacements in combination with `IN`.
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if ( \T_STRING === $this->tokens[ $i ]['code'] ) {
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if ( 'sprintf' === strtolower( $this->tokens[ $i ]['content'] ) ) {
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$sprintf_parameters = $this->get_function_call_parameters( $i );
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if ( ! empty( $sprintf_parameters ) ) {
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$skip_from = ( $sprintf_parameters[1]['end'] + 1 );
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$last_param = end( $sprintf_parameters );
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$skip_to = ( $last_param['end'] + 1 );
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$valid_in_clauses['implode_fill'] += $this->analyse_sprintf( $sprintf_parameters );
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$valid_in_clauses['adjustment_count'] += ( \count( $sprintf_parameters ) - 1 );
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}
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unset( $sprintf_parameters, $last_param );
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} elseif ( 'implode' === strtolower( $this->tokens[ $i ]['content'] ) ) {
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$prev = $this->phpcsFile->findPrevious(
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Tokens::$textStringTokens,
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( $i - 1 ),
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$query['start']
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);
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$prev_content = $this->strip_quotes( $this->tokens[ $prev ]['content'] );
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$regex_quote = $this->get_regex_quote_snippet( $prev_content, $this->tokens[ $prev ]['content'] );
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// Only examine the implode if preceded by an ` IN (`.
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if ( preg_match( '`\s+IN\s*\(\s*(' . $regex_quote . ')?$`i', $prev_content, $match ) > 0 ) {
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if ( isset( $match[1] ) && $regex_quote !== $this->regex_quote ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addError(
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'Dynamic placeholder generation should not have surrounding quotes.',
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$i,
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'QuotedDynamicPlaceholderGeneration'
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);
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}
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if ( $this->analyse_implode( $i ) === true ) {
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++$valid_in_clauses['uses_in'];
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++$valid_in_clauses['implode_fill'];
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$next = $this->phpcsFile->findNext( Tokens::$emptyTokens, ( $i + 1 ), null, true );
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if ( \T_OPEN_PARENTHESIS === $this->tokens[ $next ]['code']
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&& isset( $this->tokens[ $next ]['parenthesis_closer'] )
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) {
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$skip_from = ( $i + 1 );
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$skip_to = ( $this->tokens[ $next ]['parenthesis_closer'] + 1 );
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}
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}
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}
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unset( $prev, $next, $prev_content, $regex_quote, $match );
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}
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}
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continue;
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}
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$text_string_tokens_found = true;
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$content = $this->tokens[ $i ]['content'];
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$regex_quote = $this->regex_quote;
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if ( isset( Tokens::$stringTokens[ $this->tokens[ $i ]['code'] ] ) ) {
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$content = $this->strip_quotes( $content );
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$regex_quote = $this->get_regex_quote_snippet( $content, $this->tokens[ $i ]['content'] );
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}
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if ( \T_DOUBLE_QUOTED_STRING === $this->tokens[ $i ]['code']
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|| \T_HEREDOC === $this->tokens[ $i ]['code']
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) {
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// Only interested in actual query text, so strip out variables.
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$stripped_content = $this->strip_interpolated_variables( $content );
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if ( $stripped_content !== $content ) {
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$interpolated_vars = $this->get_interpolated_variables( $content );
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$vars_without_wpdb = array_diff( $interpolated_vars, array( 'wpdb' ) );
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$content = $stripped_content;
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if ( ! empty( $vars_without_wpdb ) ) {
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$variable_found = true;
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}
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}
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unset( $stripped_content, $interpolated_vars, $vars_without_wpdb );
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}
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$placeholders = preg_match_all( '`' . self::PREPARE_PLACEHOLDER_REGEX . '`x', $content, $matches );
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if ( $placeholders > 0 ) {
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$total_placeholders += $placeholders;
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}
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/*
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* Analyse the query for incorrect LIKE queries.
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*
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* - `LIKE %s` is the only correct one.
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* - `LIKE '%s'` or `LIKE "%s"` will not be reported here, but in the quote check.
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* - Any other `LIKE` statement should be reported, either for using `LIKE` without
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* SQL wildcards or for not passing the SQL wildcards via the replacement.
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*/
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$regex = '`\s+LIKE\s*(?:(' . $regex_quote . ')(?!%s(?:\1|$))(?P<content>.*?)(?:\1|$)|(?:concat\((?![^\)]*%s[^\)]*\))(?P<concat>[^\)]*))\))`i';
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if ( preg_match_all( $regex, $content, $matches ) > 0 ) {
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$walk = array();
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if ( ! empty( $matches['content'] ) ) {
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$matches['content'] = array_filter( $matches['content'] );
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if ( ! empty( $matches['content'] ) ) {
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$walk[] = 'content';
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}
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}
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if ( ! empty( $matches['concat'] ) ) {
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$matches['concat'] = array_filter( $matches['concat'] );
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if ( ! empty( $matches['concat'] ) ) {
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$walk[] = 'concat';
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}
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}
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if ( ! empty( $walk ) ) {
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foreach ( $walk as $match_key ) {
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foreach ( $matches[ $match_key ] as $index => $match ) {
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$data = array( $matches[0][ $index ] );
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// Both a `%` as well as a `_` are wildcards in SQL.
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if ( strpos( $match, '%' ) === false && strpos( $match, '_' ) === false ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addWarning(
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'Unless you are using SQL wildcards, using LIKE is inefficient. Use a straight compare instead. Found: %s.',
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$i,
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'LikeWithoutWildcards',
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$data
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);
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} else {
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$sql_wildcard_found = true;
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if ( strpos( $match, '%s' ) === false ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addError(
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'SQL wildcards for a LIKE query should be passed in through a replacement parameter. Found: %s.',
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$i,
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'LikeWildcardsInQuery',
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$data
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);
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} else {
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$this->phpcsFile->addError(
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'SQL wildcards for a LIKE query should be passed in through a replacement parameter and the variable part of the replacement should be escaped using "esc_like()". Found: %s.',
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$i,
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'LikeWildcardsInQueryWithPlaceholder',
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$data
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);
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}
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}
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/*
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* Don't throw `UnescapedLiteral`, `UnsupportedPlaceholder` or `QuotedPlaceholder`
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* for this part of the SQL query.
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*/
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$content = preg_replace( '`' . preg_quote( $match, '`' ) . '`', '', $content, 1 );
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}
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}
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}
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unset( $matches, $index, $match, $data );
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}
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if ( strpos( $content, '%' ) === false ) {
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continue;
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}
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/*
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* Analyse the query for unsupported placeholders.
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*/
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if ( preg_match_all( self::UNSUPPORTED_PLACEHOLDER_REGEX, $content, $matches ) > 0 ) {
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if ( ! empty( $matches[0] ) ) {
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foreach ( $matches[0] as $match ) {
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if ( '%' === $match ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addError(
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'Found unescaped literal "%%" character.',
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$i,
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'UnescapedLiteral',
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array( $match )
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);
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} else {
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$this->phpcsFile->addError(
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'Unsupported placeholder used in $wpdb->prepare(). Found: "%s".',
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$i,
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'UnsupportedPlaceholder',
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array( $match )
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);
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}
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}
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}
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unset( $match, $matches );
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}
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/*
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* Analyse the query for quoted placeholders.
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*/
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$regex = '`(' . $regex_quote . ')%[dfFs]\1`';
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if ( preg_match_all( $regex, $content, $matches ) > 0 ) {
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if ( ! empty( $matches[0] ) ) {
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foreach ( $matches[0] as $match ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addError(
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'Simple placeholders should not be quoted in the query string in $wpdb->prepare(). Found: %s.',
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$i,
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'QuotedSimplePlaceholder',
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array( $match )
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);
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}
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}
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unset( $match, $matches );
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}
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/*
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* Analyse the query for unquoted complex placeholders.
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*/
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$regex = '`(?<!' . $regex_quote . ')' . self::PREPARE_PLACEHOLDER_REGEX . '(?!' . $regex_quote . ')`x';
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if ( preg_match_all( $regex, $content, $matches ) > 0 ) {
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if ( ! empty( $matches[0] ) ) {
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foreach ( $matches[0] as $match ) {
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if ( preg_match( '`%[dfFs]`', $match ) !== 1 ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addWarning(
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'Complex placeholders used for values in the query string in $wpdb->prepare() will NOT be quoted automagically. Found: %s.',
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$i,
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'UnquotedComplexPlaceholder',
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array( $match )
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);
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}
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}
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}
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unset( $match, $matches );
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}
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/*
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* Check for an ` IN (%s)` clause.
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*/
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$found_in = preg_match_all( '`\s+IN\s*\(\s*%s\s*\)`i', $content, $matches );
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if ( $found_in > 0 ) {
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$valid_in_clauses['uses_in'] += $found_in;
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}
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unset( $found_in );
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}
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if ( false === $text_string_tokens_found ) {
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// Query string passed in as a variable or function call, nothing to examine.
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return;
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}
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$count_diff_whitelisted = $this->has_whitelist_comment(
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'PreparedSQLPlaceholders replacement count',
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$stackPtr
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);
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if ( 0 === $total_placeholders ) {
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if ( 1 === $total_parameters ) {
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if ( false === $variable_found && false === $sql_wildcard_found ) {
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/*
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* Only throw this warning if the PreparedSQL sniff won't throw one about
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* variables being found.
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* Also don't throw it if we just advised to use a replacement variable to pass a
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* string containing an SQL wildcard.
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*/
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$this->phpcsFile->addWarning(
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'It is not necessary to prepare a query which doesn\'t use variable replacement.',
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$i,
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'UnnecessaryPrepare'
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);
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}
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} elseif ( false === $count_diff_whitelisted && 0 === $valid_in_clauses['uses_in'] ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addWarning(
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'Replacement variables found, but no valid placeholders found in the query.',
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$i,
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'UnfinishedPrepare'
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);
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}
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return;
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}
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if ( 1 === $total_parameters ) {
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$this->phpcsFile->addError(
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'Placeholders found in the query passed to $wpdb->prepare(), but no replacements found. Expected %d replacement(s) parameters.',
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$stackPtr,
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'MissingReplacements',
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array( $total_placeholders )
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);
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return;
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}
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|
if ( true === $count_diff_whitelisted ) {
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$replacements = $parameters;
|
|
array_shift( $replacements ); // Remove the query.
|
|
|
|
// The parameters may have been passed as an array in parameter 2.
|
|
if ( isset( $parameters[2] ) && 2 === $total_parameters ) {
|
|
$next = $this->phpcsFile->findNext(
|
|
Tokens::$emptyTokens,
|
|
$parameters[2]['start'],
|
|
( $parameters[2]['end'] + 1 ),
|
|
true
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
if ( false !== $next
|
|
&& ( \T_ARRAY === $this->tokens[ $next ]['code']
|
|
|| \T_OPEN_SHORT_ARRAY === $this->tokens[ $next ]['code'] )
|
|
) {
|
|
$replacements = $this->get_function_call_parameters( $next );
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$total_replacements = \count( $replacements );
|
|
$total_placeholders -= $valid_in_clauses['adjustment_count'];
|
|
|
|
// Bow out when `IN` clauses have been used which appear to be correct.
|
|
if ( $valid_in_clauses['uses_in'] > 0
|
|
&& $valid_in_clauses['uses_in'] === $valid_in_clauses['implode_fill']
|
|
&& 1 === $total_replacements
|
|
) {
|
|
return;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/*
|
|
* Verify that the correct amount of replacements have been passed.
|
|
*/
|
|
if ( $total_replacements !== $total_placeholders ) {
|
|
$this->phpcsFile->addWarning(
|
|
'Incorrect number of replacements passed to $wpdb->prepare(). Found %d replacement parameters, expected %d.',
|
|
$stackPtr,
|
|
'ReplacementsWrongNumber',
|
|
array( $total_replacements, $total_placeholders )
|
|
);
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Retrieve a regex snippet to recognize and remember quotes based on the quote style
|
|
* used in the original string (if any).
|
|
*
|
|
* This allows for recognizing `"` and `\'` in single quoted strings,
|
|
* recognizing `'` and `\"` in double quotes strings and `'` and `"`when the quote
|
|
* style is unknown or it is a non-quoted string (heredoc/nowdoc and such).
|
|
*
|
|
* @since 0.14.0
|
|
*
|
|
* @param string $stripped_content Text string content without surrounding quotes.
|
|
* @param string $original_content Original content for the same text string.
|
|
*
|
|
* @return string
|
|
*/
|
|
protected function get_regex_quote_snippet( $stripped_content, $original_content ) {
|
|
$regex_quote = $this->regex_quote;
|
|
|
|
if ( $original_content !== $stripped_content ) {
|
|
$quote_style = $original_content[0];
|
|
|
|
if ( '"' === $quote_style ) {
|
|
$regex_quote = '\\\\"|\'';
|
|
} elseif ( "'" === $quote_style ) {
|
|
$regex_quote = '"|\\\\\'';
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return $regex_quote;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Analyse a sprintf() query wrapper to see if it contains a specific code pattern
|
|
* to deal correctly with `IN` queries.
|
|
*
|
|
* The pattern we are searching for is:
|
|
* `sprintf( 'query ....', implode( ',', array_fill( 0, count( $something ), '%s' ) ) )`
|
|
*
|
|
* @since 0.14.0
|
|
*
|
|
* @param array $sprintf_params Parameters details for the sprintf call.
|
|
*
|
|
* @return int The number of times the pattern was found in the replacements.
|
|
*/
|
|
protected function analyse_sprintf( $sprintf_params ) {
|
|
$found = 0;
|
|
|
|
unset( $sprintf_params[1] );
|
|
|
|
foreach ( $sprintf_params as $sprintf_param ) {
|
|
if ( strpos( strtolower( $sprintf_param['raw'] ), 'implode' ) === false ) {
|
|
continue;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$implode = $this->phpcsFile->findNext(
|
|
Tokens::$emptyTokens,
|
|
$sprintf_param['start'],
|
|
$sprintf_param['end'],
|
|
true
|
|
);
|
|
if ( \T_STRING === $this->tokens[ $implode ]['code']
|
|
&& 'implode' === strtolower( $this->tokens[ $implode ]['content'] )
|
|
) {
|
|
if ( $this->analyse_implode( $implode ) === true ) {
|
|
++$found;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return $found;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/**
|
|
* Analyse an implode() function call to see if it contains a specific code pattern
|
|
* to dynamically create placeholders.
|
|
*
|
|
* The pattern we are searching for is:
|
|
* `implode( ',', array_fill( 0, count( $something ), '%s' ) )`
|
|
*
|
|
* This pattern presumes unquoted placeholders!
|
|
*
|
|
* @since 0.14.0
|
|
*
|
|
* @param int $implode_token The stackPtr to the implode function call.
|
|
*
|
|
* @return bool True if the pattern is found, false otherwise.
|
|
*/
|
|
protected function analyse_implode( $implode_token ) {
|
|
$implode_params = $this->get_function_call_parameters( $implode_token );
|
|
|
|
if ( empty( $implode_params ) || \count( $implode_params ) !== 2 ) {
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if ( preg_match( '`^(["\']), ?\1$`', $implode_params[1]['raw'] ) !== 1 ) {
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if ( strpos( strtolower( $implode_params[2]['raw'] ), 'array_fill' ) === false ) {
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$array_fill = $this->phpcsFile->findNext(
|
|
Tokens::$emptyTokens,
|
|
$implode_params[2]['start'],
|
|
$implode_params[2]['end'],
|
|
true
|
|
);
|
|
|
|
if ( \T_STRING !== $this->tokens[ $array_fill ]['code']
|
|
|| 'array_fill' !== strtolower( $this->tokens[ $array_fill ]['content'] )
|
|
) {
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
$array_fill_params = $this->get_function_call_parameters( $array_fill );
|
|
|
|
if ( empty( $array_fill_params ) || \count( $array_fill_params ) !== 3 ) {
|
|
return false;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
return (bool) preg_match( '`^(["\'])%[dfFs]\1$`', $array_fill_params[3]['raw'] );
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
}
|